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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the first preferred treatment of benign gallbladder diseases such as gallbladder stones and gallbladder polyps, however bile duct injury is a serious complication of LC. Although bile duct injury is a rare complication, improper treatments will seriously affect the quality of life or even threaten life. Therefore, the prevention and correct treatments of bile duct injury in LC are crucial. Based on domestic and overseas researches, the authors investigate risk factors for bile duct injury in LC, share experiences of timely detection, diagnosis and treatment, so as to provide references for hepatic and biliary surgeons.
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Objective@#To assess the quality of data of intervention in population at high risk for HIV/AIDS, especially in female sex workers (FSWs) and men who have sex with men (MSM), in China during 2014-2018, for the purpose of improving intervention data quality.@*Methods@#Data accuracy was evaluated by sampling monthly reported intervention data and comparing the consistency of the information recorded in national HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment information system to original paper records. Data authenticity was assessed by visiting intervention sites and interviewing owners, manager and/or target groups at sites. The assessment results of both national level and provincial level were summarized by year and analyzed with descriptive statistical method. The data quality problems recognized by assessments were summed up.@*Results@#The annual concordance rate of the data recorded in information system to paper records was 94.6%(17 671/18 673) in provincial level assessment and 79.4%(558/703) in national level assessment. Up to 81.6%(8 617/10 559) and 84.4% (249/295) of all sampled intervention sites were annually evaluated as "good" in provincial and state level assessments respectively. The assessment found that the intervention data in original paper records were not completely consistent to that recorded in the information system, the deficiency of ability on intervention data management, and the insufficient coverage and effect of intervention service influenced the intervention data quality.@*Conclusions@#In general, the accuracy and authenticity of intervention data were fine in China during 2014-2018. Intervention data quality can be improved through measures of enhancing data quality management, strengthening training for the prevention and intervention in FSWs and MSM, and providing high- quality intervention service.
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A large amount of evidence has showed that sexually transmitted infection is an important synergistic factor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Therefore, this paper reviews the current situation of sexually-transmitted diseases (STD) and HIV infection, introduces HIV prevention and intervention measures and problems for STD patients at home and abroad, and proposes that behavior-psychology-society integrated intervention model should be constructed based on the characteristics of STD patients.
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To assess the quality of data of intervention in population at high risk for HIV/AIDS, especially in female sex workers (FSWs) and men who have sex with men (MSM), in China during 2014-2018, for the purpose of improving intervention data quality. Data accuracy was evaluated by sampling monthly reported intervention data and comparing the consistency of the information recorded in national HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment information system to original paper records. Data authenticity was assessed by visiting intervention sites and interviewing owners, manager and/or target groups at sites. The assessment results of both national level and provincial level were summarized by year and analyzed with descriptive statistical method. The data quality problems recognized by assessments were summed up. The annual concordance rate of the data recorded in information system to paper records was 94.6(17 671/18 673) in provincial level assessment and 79.4(558/703) in national level assessment. Up to 81.6(8 617/10 559) and 84.4 (249/295) of all sampled intervention sites were annually evaluated as "good" in provincial and state level assessments respectively. The assessment found that the intervention data in original paper records were not completely consistent to that recorded in the information system, the deficiency of ability on intervention data management, and the insufficient coverage and effect of intervention service influenced the intervention data quality. In general, the accuracy and authenticity of intervention data were fine in China during 2014-2018. Intervention data quality can be improved through measures of enhancing data quality management, strengthening training for the prevention and intervention in FSWs and MSM, and providing high- quality intervention service.
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A notificação da ocorrência ou suspeita da violência é obrigatória aos profissionais de saúde, instrumento fundamental para a vigilância epidemiológica e a definição de políticas públicas de prevenção e intervenção. Neste trabalho objetivou-se instruir o profissional de saúde quanto ao reconhecimento da obrigatoriedade de notificação da violência e aos meios disponíveis para sua efetivação e devido encaminhamento. Com esta finalidade foi desenvolvido um estudo exploratório por meio de análise documental: na legislação brasileira, portarias, programas governamentais e códigos de ética, além de consulta bibliográfica sobre o tema, na base de dados do SciELO, num período de cinco anos; e para estabelecer uma breve análise comparativa com outros países, foram selecionados artigos internacionais no PubMed. Esta pesquisa demonstra a existência de uma série de recursos para o combate à violência, com pouca aplicabilidade, em decorrência da falta de conhecimento e insegurança dos profissionais de saúde, assim como, das debilidades estruturais do próprio sistema. Os serviços disponíveis para a notificação da violência, relatados desde o diagnóstico até as providências cabíveis, permitirão ao profissional conduzir os casos com segurança e habilidade.
The notification of the occurrence or suspicion of violence is mandatory for health professionals and is a key tool for epidemiological surveillance and the definition of public policies for prevention and intervention. However, professionals feel unprepared for this assignment, which renders underreporting prevalent. To address this issue, the objective is to identify the means available to the professional to submit notification as well as ensure due process follow-up. For this purpose, research and document analysis was conducted in Brazilian legislation, ordinances, and government programs, codes of ethics and consultation of the literature in databases on the subject over a period of five years to establish a brief comparative analysis with other countries. The conclusion drawn is that while some measures are inapplicable, knowledge about the appropriate process for the notification and routing to specific organs will enable healthcare professionals to make the appropriate decisions for the protection and safety of the victim, besides the measures in order to change this situation of violence in the country.
Subject(s)
Humans , Violence/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Personnel , Mandatory Reporting , BrazilABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of Dengzhan Xixin injection on prevention and intervention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system disease of older people caused by metabolic disorder. Method A Group with metabolic syndrome were treated with a mixture of 30～40 mL of Dengzhan Xixin injection in 250 mL of physiological saline by intravenous injections (n=52). A treatment session was one injection once a day for 10～14 days. Each session was repeated every six months for a duration of three years. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease symptoms, and changes of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured compared with the control group (n=50). Results Compared to the control group, the intervention group had improved symptoms, lower occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and ruduced hsCRP test result. The difference was significant (P
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This article reviewed the literature covering the last 30 years on the psychopathology, variable risk factors and protective factors associated with children of alcoholics (COAs). COAs can present with externalizing problems, such as attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD), and internalizing problems, such as depression and anxiety. COAs also can show with difficulties in intelligence, learning, language, and temperament. All COAs, however, are not associated with psychopathology and cognitive problems and future alcohol and substance related disorder. Although investigators agree that COAs are at higher risk for developing psychiatric illness and alcohol use disorders than children of non-alcoholics, problems with alcohol and psychopathology are not an inevitable consequence of COAs status. Recent research has identified numerous biological, psychological, and social factors associated with a family history of alcoholism that may play a role in determining COAs' outcome. The risk factors and protective factors associated with COAs have been used as a foundation for preventive and treatment intervention. Researcher and clinician should understand how COAs cope to parental alcoholism. Program for COAs should include the basic components of information, problem- and emotion-focused coping skills, and social and emotional support. School setting are most common intervention sites, but family and broad-based community programs also have shown promise in COAs prevention. More rigorous studies are needed to understand better the complex ways children with parental alcoholism.